Phytochemical and In Vitro Antibacterial Properties of Leaves of Some Selected Plant Species in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Abstract The phytochemical analyses of the leaves of some selected plants species (Amaranthus caudatum, Brasica oleracea, Ipomea batata, Manihot esculenta and Telfera occidentalis) and in vitro antimicrobial activities on some bacteria species were determined using aqueous and ethanol solvents in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Analysis revealed the presence of tannin, cardiac glycoside, saponin, glycoside, flavonoid and tapenoid in all the plants, while anthraquinine, phylobatanin were not detected. Alkaloid was only present in Manihot esculenta leaves. The antibacterial assay of the leaf extracts on the tested bacteria showed that the extracts are effective against Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas auriginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus feacalis, this was determined using crude antibiotic disc to investigate its potential use as antibacterial agent and standard antibiotic drugs as positive control for comparison. The extracts showed higher antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. aureus.

Keywords Phytochemical, in vitro, secondary metabolites, antimicrobial, antibiotic.

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Updated: January 20, 2024 — 9:01 am