Abstract The study was carried out to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of Allium sativum leaf on some biochemical parameters in carbon tetrachloride induced liver damage in albino rats. Twenty five male Wistar albino rats were used, comprising of five groups of five animals each. Rats in groups 2 and 3 were administered oral extracts of Allium sativum (100 and 200mg/kg) respectively for twenty five days while, group4 received 100mg/kg body weight of vitamin C. Animals in groups 2-5 were also, injected single dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight/day of carbon tetrachloride i.p for the same period of study. Blood collected by cardiac puncture on the 26th day of study and was used to determine the total protein, total bilirubin, albumin and ALT concentrations using standard kits. The results showed significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of albumin in rat group1 (35.6 ±0.98), compared to rat group 5 (44.9 ± 1.50). Also, rats in A. sativum treated groups 2 and 3 showed significant decrease in the level of albumin (36.2±6.57 and 39.4±1.51) respectively compared to positively control group5 rats. Total protein level increased significantly (p<0.05), in rats group5 (98.6 ± 2.69) compared with rats groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 (74.9 ± 1.28, 79.7 ± 3.36, 76.5 ± 3.86 and 77.0 ± 2.99) respectively. Level of ALT increased significantly (p<0.05) in untreated rat group5 (25. 8 ± 17.35) compared rats in group1 (18.8±15.25). However, there was significant decrease in the ALT levels in the extract treated groups 2 and 3 (19.0±3.60 and 21.5±17.04) compared to the untreated rat group5. Total bilirubin level increased significantly in positively control rat group5 (13.57±3.03) compared to normal control rat group1 (1.458±0.32). There was significant decrease in the total bilirubin levels in A. sativum extract treated groups 2 an3 (1.763 ± 0.24 and 1.623 ±0.41) respectively, compared untreated rat group 5. The results showed that ethanolic extract of A. sativum offer protective effect to CCl4-induced liver damage in albino rats.
Keywords Carbon Tetrachloride, Allium Sativum, Total Protin, Total Bilirubin.