Abstract Access to safe and effective vaccines is critical to controlling the Covid-19 pandemic. A large number of vaccines are being developed. Researchers are constantly working to produce safe vaccines. The vaccines produced against COVID-19 are designed to promote acquired immunity. Prior to the COVID-19 epidemic, there was a wealth of knowledge about the structure and function of corona viruses that cause diseases such as Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Numerous platforms are used in vaccine production technology. Most vaccines in clinical trials have focused on the corona virus spike protein and its variants as the primary antigen for COVID-19 infection. The RNA vaccine contains RNA that acts as a messenger RNA (mRNA) when it enters the tissue, causing cells to make foreign proteins and teaching the body an immune response. Adenovirus vector vaccines are examples of non-replicating viral vector vaccines, using an adenovirus shell containing DNA that encodes a SARS‑CoV‑2 protein. Inactivated vaccines consist of virus particles that have been grown in culture and then are killed using a method such as heat or formaldehyde to lose disease producing capacity, while still stimulating an immune response. Vaccines may have side effects, which are normal signs of the body’s reaction. These side effects go away within a few days.
Keywords COVID-19, Vaccines, Side effects, Immune system.