Abstract This study evaluated the effect of Promethazine, Atropine and Promethazine + Atropine on kidney, liver and heart functions of wistar rats. A total of 25 adult rats were used. The animals were divided into 5 groups with 5 rats per group. Group V, the positive control group received normal feed and water. Group W received only dichlorvos 15mg/kg. Group X received dichlorvos 15mg/kg and Promethazine 1.5mg/kg. Group Y was given dichlorvos 15mg/kg and Atropine 1.6mg/kg and Group Z was given dichlorvos 15mg/kg, Promethazine 1.5mg/kg and Atropine 1.6mg/kg. On day 14, blood samples were collected for kidney and liver function tests and tissue samples obtained from the heart for histopathological analysis. Results revealed that Kidney and Liver function test showed significant changes in Urea, Creatinine, Aspartate transaminase (AST) and Alanine Transaminase (ALT) when compared with the animals that received feed and water only and the animals treated with only dichlorvos. Photomicrographs of the heart of rats that received promethazine alone showed normal histology. This study therefore concludes that Promethazine alone or in combination with Atropine has potent antidotal effect on dichlorvos poisoning. At the doses studied, this drug was not found to be hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic.
Keywords liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension syndrome, varicose veins of the esophagus, prevention, endoscopic ligation.